QUICK TIPS TO READ AND EFFECTIVE : Skimming and scanning

SKIMMING and SCANNING

Skimming is the only way to read to get the main idea of reading. Scanning is a way of reading by jumping directly to the target sought.

The parts that can jump over the other

• parts that have been known from other books

• section that contains information that does not meet the reading goal

• section are just examples or illustrations

• which is a summary of the previous chapter.

Scanning is a reading technique to obtain some information without reading the others. Scanning is used to

• to identify the topic of reading

• to know the opinions / opinions of people

• to get the important part we need

• to know the organization of writing, the order of main ideas, and ways of thinking writers.

• For refresher what he had read.

Scanning is a reading technique to obtain some information without reading the others. Scanning is used to

• find a phone number

• search for words in a dictionary

• looking for entries in the index

• search statistics

• see television programs

• see a list of travel

Back to QUICK TIPS TO READ AND EFFECTIVE

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QUICK TIPS TO READ AND EFFECTIVE : critical reading

CRITICAL READING

Reading critically is how to read by looking at the author and judge motives. Thus, readers not only read, but also think about the issues discussed. Thing to remember in critical reading is that not everything written is true.

For that we must follow the author's mind quickly, accurately, and critically. Accurate means to be able to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant. Critical thinking means accepting written with a good basic, logical, correct, and realistic.

The steps that must be taken in critical reading is

• understand the reading
  

• writing test source

• there is interaction between writer and reader.

• Decided: to accept or reject the idea of author

To be able to evaluate the ideas of others, we need to think more carefully what is stated by the author. For that, memory is very important. There are several steps that can be taken so that we can remember longer and better, ie

a. face material with the aim

b. survey what needs to be remembered

c. search and get the facts in relation to the context

d. relate what is read to the already known.

e. Consider what is important to you.


Income in an attempt to respond to others, we must not forget the things which are revealed by an important writer. In order not to forget to make some notes from the text we read. The main points to note include

• key parts: the main ideas, issues, important information

• author assumptions about certain aspects

• details or facts that we need

• points of interest

There are three types of records, ie

• records of the collection of facts and important details

• records of quotations sentence, paragraph, keywords

• a summary record

Continue to Skimming and scanning

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QUICK TIPS TO READ AND EFFECTIVE : understanding reading

UNDERSTANDING READING

Reading comprehension is closely related to efforts to understand the essentials of what he read. The definition of reading comprehension or reading comprehension is the ability lo understand the main idea, important details, and the whole notion. This understanding is closely related to the ability to remember the reading material. Effective efforts to understand and remember longer can be done with

• organize reading material in easily understandable terms.

• The fact that one associate with other facts or connect it with facts and context.

In reading comprehension level is also associated with the wearing reading system. Generally people tend to immediately prepare to read the text without precondition so that the readings are to be effective.

There are several systems to read, among other

1. SQ3R: survey-question-read-recite-review

2. SQ4R: survey-question-read-recite-review-rite

3. POINT: purpose-overview-Interpret-note-test

4. OK4R: overview, key ideas, read-summarize-test


Any system that many people knew and used the SQ3R. SQ3R reading system proposed by Francis P. Robinson in 1941. SQ3R is a reading process which consists of five steps, namely

1. SURVEY

Survey or a technique known prabaca material before reading it in full. Srvei goal is

1. accelerate the meaning
2. get abstract
3. learn important ideas
4. see the structure (organization) of the literature.
5. Getting interests careful attention to the readings.
6. Makes it easy to remember more and understand more easily.

There are several techniques in conducting surveys. For each type of reading, a different survey techniques.

1. Survey techniques book

• Browse the table of contents
• Read the introduction
• See table, graph
• Choice of the appendix
• Browse index
  

2. Survey technique chapters

• See the first and last paragraphs
• See summary
• See the subtitle
  

3. Engineering survey article

• Read the title
• Read the subtitle
• Observe the table
• Read the introduction
• Read the first sentence of section
• Make a decision (read it or not)
  

4. Survey techniques clipping

• Note the title
• Note the author
  

2. QUESTION

In this step we ask lots of questions about the content of reading.

3. READ

Be aware that reading is the third step, not the first step.

4. RECITE / Recall

At this stage you can make notes as necessary

5. REVIEW

At this stage you try to remember back to reread the passage you read.



Finding the Main Idea Discourse

Understanding a text means to understand the main ideas presented by the author to the text. Therefore the focus should be placed on the reading of an effort to understand the main idea the author. The underlying idea of a book can be identified in

• general overview in the beginning of the book

• overview chapter

• overview of the chapter

• main idea paragraph

Sometimes people are too detailed to waste time before he found the idea anyway. Details are facts or information are packaged in a paragraph to prove, describe, and provide examples that support the main idea. Any way to recognize important detail is to look for clues used by authors to help readers, for example by

• written in italics

• underlined

• bold

• numbers spiked

• written with the code letter (a, b, c, d)

Key words are the guiding words to help find the writer's mind. Keywords include

• expression suppression

• words that changed the direction of

• the illustration

• postscript

• the conclusion

Continue to CRITICAL READING

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QUICK TIPS TO READ AND EFFECTIVE : Quick read

QUICK READ

Meant to read faster is the system by taking time to read read and level of understanding of the reading material. If less time reading and higher level of understanding, it is said that the person reading speed increases.

In general, people who have never received training speed reading would have a lower reading than ability. There are several things that cause a low reading speed, among other

• Old habits ingrained as moving his lips to pronounce, moving his head to the right and left, and using fingers or objects to show the words she read.

• Not aggressive (not excited) in an effort to understand the meaning of reading.

• Perception is less so slow in interpreting what they read.

There are several factors that cause a person reading speed hampered, among other

1. Vocalization, which is read as he speak or utter a word for word reading.
2. Lip movement at the time to read both voiced and voiceless.
3. Head movements to follow the words read.
4. Pointing (with a finger or other instrument) the words read at the time to read.
5. Regression, i.e. eye movements look back a few words that have been read.
6. Sub-vocalization, i.e. pronounce what they read in the hearts or minds.
   

To increase our reading speed, we first need to measure the speed of our reading. For the necessary measurements of our reading speed. The formula is:

(The number of words read divided by the number of seconds to read multiplied by 60) multiplied by the percentage of comprehension.

Reading speed depending on the needs and the material at hand. In general, reading speed can be specified as follows:

A. Reading skimming and scanning (more than 1000 KPM)

This type of reading is usually used for

• Know the materials to be read
• Looking for answers to specific questions
• A structure and organization of reading and determining the general idea from reading
  

B. Reading tingngi speed (500 to 800 KPM)

This type of reading is usually used for

• Read the material easily and has been recognized previously
• Read the light novels to follow the story.
  

C. Quick read (350 to 500 KPM)

Usually used for

• Easy to read literature in the form of a description and materials other nonfiction is informative.
• Reading fiction is a bit difficult to enjoy the beauty of the literary and anticipate the end of the story.
  

D. Reading with an average speed (250 to 350 KPM)

Usually used for

• Reading fiction for the analysis of complex character and the story goes.
• Reading nonfiction is rather difficult to get the details, looking for a relationship, or make the evaluation of ideas the author.
  

E. Reading slow (100 to 125 KPM)

Usually used for

• Study materials and to master difficult content.
• Mastering the scientific materials that are difficult and technical nature
• Create analysis valuable materials classics
• Solving problems by reading the designated instructional nature (instructions).

Continue to UNDERSTANDING READING

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QUICK TIPS TO READ AND EFFECTIVE : introduction

Produced by

Augustine Suyoto, S. Pd

INTRODUCTION

Modern humans apparently can not escape from the communications media. One of the many communications media is the media genuinely facing both the textbook and the mass media. Every day we are treated to a lot of mass media., Especially in the era of openness and reform as the present. If we do not pay attention to these media, surely we will be missed. Conversely, if we want to read all the written information, must have taken a lot of time just to read. For that reading skills quickly and effectively to all parties owned by both students, college students, as well as other human beings who want to engage actively in the arena of life.

There are different types of reading and each type has a specification and special functions. Therefore, these types need to be understood so that we can further improve the ability to read both the ability to read quickly and the ability to read effectively.

Continue to QUICK READ

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